Second language acquisition is when a child or adult has already become

Second language acquisition is when a child or adult has already become competent at a language and then attempts to learn ano. Comment to the language teaching method, combine with your own learning experience, choose one or more teaching methods that you think is the best. Second language acquisition is when a child or adult has already become competent at a language and then attempts to learn another. The goal of learning language is for communication and exchanging message. There are numerous of methods have been used to teach a second language: direct method, communicative method, (indirect) grammar-translated method, reading method and audio-lingual (audio-visual) method, etc. Normally, teacher does not use one single method, although he/she may have a leaning towards certain aspects of particular one. He/She may use a combination of methods, in order to successfully achieve the goal. For the direct method, it is also known as Natural/ Phonetical method. It is based on the belief that knowing a language for speaking purpose. Writing, printed note or word and learning of grammar are avoided because they hinder the acquisition of good oral proficiency. But it is not the real case. Rejecting printed word; focusing only on oral aspect of language would resist the development of other language skill. A good language learner should acquaint oneself with writing, reading, listening and speaking all four skills. And the communicative method, it is quite similar to the direct method. It also focuses on language as a medium of communication. But it is more systematical and not limited to the practice of oral skills, but all four-skills area. In fact, it recognizes that disregard of grammatical form... ... others fluently. Direct method is the best to use for putting the learner of a forward progress. All kinds of teaching methods should all have their strength and weakness. They are invented to suit to use in the period of time. But gradually, disadvantages are discovered. There is never a method that should not be applied; it can really help learners to learn the second language. Never just to blame for the teaching method and the fault’s of the teacher, if it is unsuccessful to learn a language. Student’s attitudes towards language should also be positive, patient, eager to learn and not to be shy of making mistakes. Learning from mistakes is a precious experience of learning. With a combination of suitable teaching method, good teacher and correct attitudes towards learning a language is the only way to get succeed in any second language acquisition.

Comparison of Heterosexual-Parents and Homosexual-Parents Essay

Most people have an automatic belief that a child who is raised by heterosexual-parents is better off than a child who is raised by homosexual-parents. The belief held by most people may make the task seem more socially acceptable. However, there is no law against it, nor is it written in stone that a child should not be raised by homosexual-parents. Furthermore, with the same amount of love, structure, effort, and stability homosexual-parents can be equally as nurturing to a child. The ideal family has always consisted of having two parents which consist of a male and a female. Nevertheless, having parents of the opposite sex does not mean a child with homosexual-parents cannot get the same adequate amount of love. A child with homosexual-parents has two parents who work and take care of them also. Both heterosexual-parents and homosexual-parents can and do show the same amount of love by spending time with the child, talking to the child, working to provide for the child, and showing the child affection. Homes with heterosexual-parents may seem to have more structure and balance because they do not appear to have to deal with any outside negativity. Negativity can result from a number of things such as race and social status, not just the marital status of the parents. Nevertheless, both a home usually has one or more parents who works and provides for the family and there is typically one parent who devotes a lot of time and energy in focusing on the family, especially on the child. Both types of parents can have rules which have to be obeyed, household chores which have to be done, and family time which is a must for raising a well-developed child in today’s society. Therefore, if heterosexual and homosexual parents disregard whatever outside negativity they may encounter and focus on the family and focus on what is important there will be the same amount of structure and balance to a child with either type of parents. Everything in life that a person believes is worthwhile takes effort and time. Parents have to put forth great effort and huge amounts of time in raising a child, especially if a parent wants a well-rounded, well-mannered, happy, smart, and what they believe to be a perfect child. Both heterosexual and homosexual parents can work towards achieving the ultimate goal of raising a perfect child. However, even though at times it may appear to be an easier challenge for heterosexual -parents, it does not mean the same goal cannot be achieved by homosexual-parents. For the sake of the child both types of parents must put forth a worthwhile effort and spend time focusing on what is best for the child. Society, as a whole, automatically has a preconceived idea that heterosexual-parents create a more stable environment for a child. However, the preconceived idea of society does not mean homosexual-parents cannot create a stable environment for a child. The two different types of parents must ensure stability for a child. Stability enables a child to focus on academic achievements and being a well-behaved child who has a stable home life does not seem to get themselves into as much trouble when compared to a child without a stable home environment. In other words, it does not matter if the child has heterosexual-parents or parents who are homosexual, stability, love, structure, and effort plays a major role in the proper development of a child.

Nonverbal Communication: a Serious Business Advantage

Business Advantage 2 Nonverbal Communication: A Serious Business Advantage Whether it is called intuition or just good judgment, the ability to perceive and to use nonverbal cues to one’s advantage gives the business person the power and the skill to be more successful. T. S. Eliot wrote in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, â€Å"There will be time, there will be time / To prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet. † Perhaps he meant that those in business must be prepared in such a way as to make their face agree with the message that the consumer expects to receive.The communication experts agree that when two people have a face-to-face conversation only a small fraction of the total message they share is actually contained in the words they use. A portion of the message is contained in the tone of voice, accent, speed, volume, and inflection. However, approximately 93 percent of it is understood through nonverbal communication behaviors (Source needed). The c ombination of gestures, postures, facial expressions, and even clothing can support or interfere with the verbal messages that a person delivers.The importance of nonverbal cues in the business world has not been studied extensively, but it only makes sense that it can have a strong impact on any communication within or outside the business realm. For instance, selling is an area where the nonverbal actions can make or break a deal. People are unlikely to want to buy from a sales person who refuses to make eye contact, who has poor posture, who lacks energy, and who seems unconvinced about the products and services represented. The importance of nonverbal communication in conjunction with appropriate verbal skills can make a difference to the success of a business transaction.Therefore, this paper will Business Advantage 3 examine nonverbal communication as an important and integral component for business organizations and will determine nonverbal cues that are beneficial for succes sful business interactions. The ability to perceive and use nonverbal cues to one’s advantage gives the business person the power to be successful. Nonverbal communication includes any part of the body used by a person to send a message to another person. A person’s dress, attitude and movements are all contributions to personal business transactions.Sentence and Verbal CommunicationThese cues can help a business owner get the message across or be able to correctly interpret a message received from a customer. Often the nonverbal messages express true feelings more accurately than the actual words. A study by Fatt (1998), notes that any communication in interpersonal relationships is insufficient with just mere words (p. 1). Consequently, he states, â€Å"Nonverbal communication thus becomes the yardstick against which words and intentions are measured† (p. 1). The most common use of nonverbal communication in business has been in marketing research.It is used t o determine consumers’ attitudes towards new products. For example, executives watching a focus test group pay more attention to the nonverbal cues of the group. They are able to more closely identify the test group’s true feelings by observing their body language, facial expressions and eye contact. Facial expressions especially are particularly helpful as they can show hidden emotions that contradict their verbal statements (Remland, 1981, p. 18). Additionally, in business settings, the way one is viewed affects his transactions. Martin Remland (1981) writes that as much as 90 percent of a manager’s time is spentBusiness Advantage 4 communicating with others face-to-face (p. 2). Therefore, business people especially managers have to present themselves as a complete package that includes knowledge of their products, appropriate dress, and adequate use of nonverbal behaviors that depicts sincerity and trustworthiness. Nonverbal behavior is a major component of p ower perception in a business setting. Within a business, the main function of nonverbal communication is to facilitate relationships. Organizations have two major sectors—management and staff—who are usually at odds with each other.According to Aguinis and Henle (2001), â€Å"The effective use of power and the perceptions of one’s power by subordinates, peers and superiors are critical determinants of managerial and organizational success† (p. 537). In this study on perception of power bases, Aquinis and Henle used three specific nonverbal behaviors—eye contact, facial expression, and body posture (p. 538). They defined power as the â€Å"potential of an agent to alter a target’s behavior, intentions, attitude, beliefs, emotion, or values† (p. 538). They also used French and Raven’s power taxonomy that includes five types (p. 538).The first is reward power that means the target believes he can get â€Å"something† from the agent. Second is the coercive power where the target thinks the agent can and will punish him. The third power is legitimate power where the target must obey what the agent requests. Referent power is the need for the target to be associated with the agent. Lastly, the expert power is the target’s belief that the agent is very knowledgeable. Using these definitions of power in vignettes, Aguinis and Henle manipulated one employee’s nonverbal behavior while asking a second employee to rate the power base.Business Advantage 5 They found that direct eye contact and a relaxed facial expression increased perception of power except for coercive power. Body posture had no effect at all. There are other less sophisticated indicators that also signify status. These include behaviors and appearance cues such as clothing, age, gender, and race. In a study by Mast and Hall (2004), the accuracy of judging other people’s status based on behavioral and appearance cues was investigated. They found that only one cue was used to determine if a woman was in higher status.That was a downward head tilt. In males, the observers used both formal dress and a forward lean (p. 161). Mast and Hall also indicated that erect posture was not indicative of status in their research (p. 161). Communication experts agree that in face-to-face communication 93 percent of the message is nonverbal and only seven percent is in the actual words which is absolutely necessary to understand in a business setting. Garside and Kleiner (1991) state, â€Å"This implies that what we say is not as important as how we say it† (p. 26).Today’s businesses need employees who are not only knowledgeable in their field but who also have exceptional interpersonal skills. It is understood that most successful executives prefer verbal communication because it allows them to read body language and to hear tone of voice. Fatt (1998) believes that knowledge of nonverbal processes of communication can improve business success. According to Fatt, â€Å"†¦face-to-face communication, which is heavily weighted with nonverbal information stimulates the greatest number of senses, and provides more complete information than any other mode† (p. ). Business Advantage 6 Since knowledge of nonverbal processes can enhance business success, it is important to recognize and use appropriate nonverbal cues. The first of these is face-to-face communication which provides immediate feedback that allows the business person to modify one’s approach to meet the needs of each encounter. In a research study by Graham, Unruh, and Jennings (1991), they gathered information on the importance of nonverbal feedback to accurate assessments in business transactions.Their findings indicated that nonverbal communication was important to all surveyed and showed that most relied on facial expressions for accurate information. Their recommendations for businesses included, â₠¬Å"†¦paying more attention to nonverbal cues, engaging in more eye contact, and probing for more information when verbal and nonverbal cues are discrepant† (p. 60). One way to do so is through reinforcement behavior that demonstrates approval or disapproval. Also, response-matching is a way in which the business person uses a similar style of speech, posture, or gestures.Thirdly, accommodation is a way of adjusting to personal styles of those involved. It involves â€Å"issues of territoriality, dominance and/or submissiveness, and intimacy† (Fatt, 1998, p. 5). Professionals must use this feedback to note the body language to modify and adjust to the receiver’s behaviors. Another factor to consider is that face-to-face also allows a portion of the message to be contained in vocal elements. These include tone of voice, speed, volume and inflection (Graham et al. , p. 58). Establishing rapport is also a valuable result of face-to-face communication.Rapport is essential in building good business relations with customers and co-workers. It helps Business Advantage 7 to communicate understanding and acceptance of the other person. There are behaviors that greatly contribute to establishing a personal relationship. These include: a sincere smile, a relaxed open stance, a slight lean towards the other person, and maintained eye contact. Mirroring is a very useful technique that can send as well as receive subtle nonverbal messages. In order to mirror another person, it is necessary to match their rate of breathing, speak at the same rate of speech and in their tone of voice.It is also necessary to assume a similar posture and body language to confirm rapport and a comfortable environment. According to Fatt, â€Å"A salesperson who mirror customer’s behavior well and out of a sincere desire to communicate or to be of service usually established a strong rapport with a customer† (p. 6). A business person also utilizes information from nonverbal sources to overcome any barriers to communication with clients. Effective communication is an important aspect of management and sales positions.By decoding nonverbal behaviors, business people can increase their knowledge and understanding of what the client desires. In the first initial contact first impressions can affect both sides of the business transaction. Therefore, a a person who displays confidence has a great advantage in developing rapport and trust with business associates. One’s ability to signal trustworthiness is a significant result of knowledge of nonverbal communication. In a research study conducted by Wood (2006), the findings were that â€Å"nonverbal signals are a particularly important mode of communication between the sender and receiver† (p. 02). Wood also stated that there is an â€Å"importance of the immediate encounter between salespeople and Business Advantage 8 customers. During the first encounter, these nonverbal signa ls are sought out, perceived, and used by customers in their assessment of the trustworthiness of salespeople† (p. 202). Therefore, by using and focusing on nonverbal techniques, the business person can give signals of trustworthiness. Additionally, Wood found that for salespeople all nonverbal signals have a significant impact on the customers (p. 202).Along with confidence, the business person must have an adequate knowledge of reading nonverbal signals. For those with confidence, this type of communication is very natural and they give little thought to it. They greet customers and associates with a firm handshake that send a statement about their confidence. In addition, unflinching eye contact is a sign of frankness and interest which are both essential to sway and sell. David Morand (2001) presented research that suggested management also needed to be able to appraise emotional expressions of customers.He stated, â€Å"Sensing others’ emotional states is obviousl y a skill central to the whole notion of interpersonal communicative competency† (p. 23). He found that it was essential for â€Å"managers to have the ability to decode messages sent by others, specifically focusing on messages existing at a nonverbal emotional level† (p. 23). There are also nontraditional uses of nonverbal communication in the business setting. For instance, the business facility makes a visible statement that reflects its own perceptions. It makes a visible statement about its culture and the way business is done at that facility.One example of this is the head-quarters of Bank of America. It is a very dark, large structure that looms over all the other buildings near it. This sends a powerful message of the perceptions of their company image (Fatt, 1998, p. 2). Larson and Kleiner Business Advantage 9 (2004) claim, â€Å"A company with a strong culture and a lot of pride in itself will typically reflect that pride through its physical environmentâ⠂¬  (p. 2). Additionally, the office furnishings give more information to customers. The furniture of employees gives clues as to the status of that person in the company.If one is on the bottom of the work hierarchy, there probably would be a small, cheaply-made desk with a small chair. The next class would add arms to the chair and some other piece of furniture. Management would have larger desks, a bookshelf and a table. Finally, the top executives would have plush carpeting and a sofa in addition to what those below had (p. 2). Included in the physical aspects of a business is the office environment. Businesses that are more open with very few walls rely on constant communication. They send the message that there are few barriers to communication.They physical aspects of a business help customers to gain insight into the organization and to the people who work within it (Larson & Kleiner, p. 3). Another nontraditional use of nonverbal communication in the business setting is th rough the use of computers with growing online businesses. Online businesses are at a disadvantage without the assistance of nonverbal interactions. However, according to Timothy Bickmore (2004), there is a huge need for programs that recognize and receive nonverbal signals in order to increase sales volume (p. 9). In addition, many companies are utilizing text messaging and instant messaging for customer assistance. Qiu and Benbasat (2005) investigated advancement for programming to develop a trust relationship since this medium is void of any nonverbal signals (p. 75). They state, â€Å"With the help of emerging multimedia technologies, companies can now use computer- Business Advantage 10 generated voice and humanoid avatars to embody customer service representatives, thus enriching the interactive experiences of their customers† (p. 75).Bickmore adds, â€Å"Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) are animated humanoid computer characters that emulate face-to-face conversat ions through the use of hand gestures, facial display, head motion, gaze behavior, body posture, and speech intonation† (p. 39). However, Bickmore also states, â€Å"There is no cookbook defining all of the rules for human face-to-face interaction that human-computer interface practitioners can simply implement† (p. 44). Until ECAs are fully functioning, companies should continue with the proven face-to-face interactions to improve sales volume.Because businesses try to eliminate unnecessary travel and expenses, they are utilizing such mediums as videoconferencing. Even though videoconferencing can replace business meetings, there are disadvantages. The immediate feedback that comes with face-to-face contains cues from the facial expression, voice inflection, and gestures is often not as effective with videoconferencing. For instance, Bekkering and Shim (2006) state, â€Å"With a slow signal, it may appear to the viewer that the speaker hesitates, and hesitation in ans wering is generally considered to be a sign of dishonesty† (p. 105).Another concern is that the camera used can be manipulated to improve one’s advantage such as making one appear taller and giving more influence over the meeting. A third concern involves turn-taking cues. â€Å"In face-to-face conversations, participants alternate speaking and listening by using an intricate mechanism of verbal and nonverbal cues† (p. 105). These researchers go on to say that in videoconferencing one gives up eye contact because it is distorted by separation of screen and camera (p. 105). This infers Business Advantage 11 that perhaps the speaker is being deceptive, and, thus, there is a lack of trust.Therefore, business people will find face-to-face communication a better source of feedback as well as a better rapport builder. Ralph Waldo Emerson said, â€Å"What you do speaks so loud that I cannot hear what you say† (Inspirational Quotes). This has never been truer than in today’s business world. There is a vital link between nonverbal communication and business success. Because of this, body language and other nonverbal cues are communication tools that are too powerful to be ignored. Nonverbal communication can enhance a business person’s powers to persuade while removing any communication barriers with clients.It can improve relationships between the work hierarchies, thus changing the work atmosphere to be more productive. Additionally, it can serve in a nontraditional manner where the business facility itself makes a statement about the company image. The uses of understanding nonverbal communication in a work environment are endless. Therefore, there is still a definite need for training in this area for all employees of a business. This training would complete the business person’s package that includes required knowledge of the business represented, charisma, and employability skills.In conclusion, since effective comm unication is based on skills, and skills can be learned, then communication abilities can be improved in the business environment. It is an integral part of hearing what is said in a business transaction. Business Advantage 12 References Aguinis, H. , & Henle, C. (2001). Effects of nonverbal behavior on perceptions of a female employee’s power base. Journal of Social Psychology, 141(4), 537-549. Retrieved March 27, 2007, from EBSCOhost database (6002448). Bekkering, E. , & Shim, J. P. (2006). i2i Trust in videoconferencing. Communications of the ACM, 49(7), 103-107.Retrieved March 27, 2007, from EBSCOhost database (21469769). Bickmore, T. W. (2004). Unspoken rules of spoken interactions. Communications of the ACM, 47(4), 38-44. Retrieved March 27, 2007, from EBSCOhost database (12713418). Fatt, J. P. (1998). Nonverbal communication and business success. Management Research News, 21(4/5), 1-8. Retrieved March 27, 2007, from Proquest database (295500641). Garside, S. G. , & Kle iner, B. H. (1991). Effective one-to-one communication skills. Industrial and Commercial Training, 23(7), 24-27. Retrieved April 12, 2007, From EBSCOhost database (4636901). Graham, G. H. Unruh, J. , & Jennings, P. (1991). The impact of nonverbal communication in organizations: A survey of perceptions. Journal of Business Communication, 28(1), 45-62. Retrieved April 12, 2007, from EBSCOhost database (5765878). Inspirational quotes for business and work: Nonverbal communication. Retrieved March 18, 2007 from http://humanresources. about. com/od/interpersonalcommunicatio1/ Business Advantage 13 a/quotes_nonverb. htm Larson, J. , &Kleiner B. (2004). How to read nonverbal communication in organizations. Management Research News, 27(4/5), 17-22. Retrieved March 27, 2007, fromProquest database (656765051). Mast, M. S. , & Hall, J. A. (2004). Who is the boss and who is not? accuracy of judging status. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 28(3), 145-165. Morand, D. A. (2001). The emotional intell igence of managers: Assessing the construct validity of a nonverbal measure of â€Å"people skills†. Journal of Business and Psychology, 16(1), 21-33. Qiu, L. , & Benbasat, I. (2005). Online consumer trust and live help interfaces: The effects of test-to-speech voice and three-dimensional avatars. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 19(1), 75-94. Retrieved March 7, 2007, from EBSCOhost database (18324428). Remland, M. (1981). Developing leadership skills in nonverbal communication: A situational perspective. Journal of Business Communication, 18(3), 18-29. Retrieved April 12, 2007, from EBSCOhost database (5765673). Wood, J. A. (2006). NLP revisited: nonverbal communications and signals of trustworthiness. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, 26(2), 197-204. Retrieved March 27, 2007 from EBSCOhost database (6456374). Business Advantage 1 Nonverbal Communication: A Serious Business Advantage Wesley George Nonverbal Communication Dr. Lynn Meade Apr il 27, 2007

Force generated by a muscle Essays

Force generated by a muscle Essays Force generated by a muscle Essay Force generated by a muscle Essay Evaluate Force-Angle Relationships utilizing EMG and Force Measurements Q1. From the single natural informations [ table 1 ] we obtained by standardization ( As % of Maximum utilizing as soap values: FORCEmax=117.2 N, EMGmax=306.8 millivolt ) the adjusted single informations [ table 2 ] . Q2. Electromyography is the technique for entering alterations in the electrical potency of a musculus when it is caused to contract by a motor nervus urge ( Barlett, R.1997 ; 228 ) The EMG signal profile and in effect the EMG is the electrical signal profile detected by an electrode on a musculus. In other words is the step of the action potency of the outer muscle-fiber membrane ( the sarcolemma ) . [ 3 ] : Force generated by a musculus is determined by two chief factors: the figure of motor units ( MUs ) actively stimulated at the same clip and the frequence ( firing rate ) at which the MUs are firing. Besides the amplitude of the EMG signal depends on both the figure of active MUs and their fire rates. Since both EMG amplitude and force addition as a effect of the same mechanisms, it is expected that musculus force can be estimated from surface EMG analysis. This is non rather true but merely in isometric contractions, where musculus electrical activity and musculus force have a comparatively additive relationship. [ 3 ] This is the chief ground why EMG is the method of pick for force appraisal. Q3. Using Normalised EMG and Joint Angle information from [ table 2 ] , the requested graph is shown below [ graph 2 ] Evaluate Force-Angle Relationships utilizing EMG and Force Measurements Q4. From the row informations for the whole group we calculate the average normalized values as in [ table 3 ] . Using informations for Max isometric force and EMG from [ table 3 ] , the requested graph is graph 3 below. Q5. Evaluate Force-Angle Relationships utilizing EMG and Force Measurements Evaluate Force-Angle Relationships utilizing EMG and Force Measurements Q6. Using the free-body diagram ( fig. 1 ) at a generic angle? we sketch the forces moving on the forearm during flexure against a known opposition. These forces are the opposition R, the mass of the forearm G, the attempt E of the musculus and the joint reaction force Fj. The joint reaction force as go throughing from the centre of rotary motion has no part to the minute at the joint and therefore is neglected. Assuming inactive equilibrium at each angle, the amount of minutes moving on the forearm at the cubitus peers zero: SMj = 0 Mj = ME MR MG [ 1 ] MR = R Lf wickedness? [ 2 ] , where Lf is the length of the forearm. MG = medium frequency g LCM wickedness? [ 3 ] , where LCM is the distance of the forearm s centre of mass from the joint and medium frequency is the mass of the forearm and manus. ME = E? LE where E? is the rotational constituent of the attempt E. ME = E LE sinf [ 4 ] , where degree Fahrenheit is the angle between the long axis of the forearm and the line of application of the attempt force and LE is the attempt arm ( normal distance between the point of interpolation of the musculus on forearm and the joint ) . Substituting the assorted minutes [ 2 ] , [ 3 ] , [ 4 ] in equation [ 1 ] we obtain, utilizing the conventions of the marks: Mj = E LE sinf Roentgen Lf wickedness? medium frequency g LCM wickedness? [ 5 ] To cipher the Torque utilizing equation [ 5 ] we must cognize Lf, LE, LCM, degree Fahrenheit, medium frequency ( R, E and? known, g = 9.81 ms-2 ) . Equation [ 5 ] calculates the torsion utilizing inactive equilibrium at each angle and presuming that the length of the musculus remain changeless as joint angle alterations, which is non true. For a more accurate computation we besides need to cognize the relationship between contraction force and constrained musculus length. Evaluate Force-Angle Relationships utilizing EMG and Force Measurements Q7. Standardization is the mathematical look of the amplitude of the EMG signal as a ratio to the amplitude of a contraction deemed to be maximal ( peak EMG from an isometric maximal voluntary contraction ( MVC ) of the same musculus ) . EMG signal has a complex nature and the account that merely the figure of active motor units and their fire rates can impact it is semplicistic. In world anatomical, physiological and proficient factors have influence on the electromyographical signal. In a reappraisal of such factors ( De Luca, 1997 ) grouped them as causative, intermediate and deterministic. Some of these factors are: musculus fibre diameter, figure of musculus fibres, electrode-skin interface, signal conditioning, figure of active motor units, tissue sum, distance from skin surface to muscle fibre, musculus fibre conductivity speed, musculus blood flow, common electrode spacing, fiber type and location, motor unit firing rate. [ 2 ] Because of the above factors and besides for grounds of direct comparing of EMG signals recorded with signals from the same musculus on different occasions or from different musculuss and different persons we use normalised EMG signals instead than absolute values. Mentions Barlett, R. ( 1997 ) Introduction to Sports Biomechanics, Taylor A ; Francis e-Library, 2002. Carl J. Payton, Biomechanical Evaluation of Movement in Sport and Exercise, Taylor A ; Francis e-Library, 2007. Hamill, Joseph ; Knutzen, Kathleen M. , Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement, 3rd Ed, Lippincot A ; Wilkins, 2009.

3 Tips for Writing a Successful Letter of Continued Interest

3 Tips for Writing a Successful Letter of Continued Interest SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’ve found yourself waitlisted or deferred from your dream school, you might be worried and frustrated. What does being on the waitlist mean? Do you still have a chance of getting in? What can you do to improve your chances? While there’s not one singular way of ensuring your eventual admission to your dream school, a letter of continued interest can show your continued dedication to the admissions committee. In this article, we’ll talk about what a continued interest letter is and give a letter of continued interest sample so you know how to write your own if you need to. What Is a Letter of Continued Interest? If you’ve been waitlisted or deferred from a college, you may feel sad or confused. But a waitlist or deferment isn’t always a bad thing - it means that the college thinks that you could be a strong candidate. However, they have some reservations about your application, or else they would have accepted you already. A letter of continued interest lets the admissions committee know that you’re still excited about the prospect of attending that school. More than that, a continued interest letter is a way to update the admissions committee on your achievements, which may in turn push them over the edge and decide to admit you. What Should You Include in a Letter of Continued Interest? Colleges want to make sure that they have the best and brightest freshmen class possible. Your continued interest letter should prove that you belong among the admitted applicants. You should include: An indication that you still want to attend the school. Updates on your recent accomplishments (academic, extracurricular, and personal). Basically, you want to show the admissions committee that you’re still working hard and still interested in attending their school. As with any college essay, you should make the letter personal and specific - treat your continued interest letter as a chance to give the admissions committee greater insight into who you are as a person. The types of updates you include will be specific to school you’re applying to. If you’re applying somewhere that doesn’t accept SAT scores, for instance, it doesn’t make sense to include your SAT scores. Do your research on what your school looks at and make sure to only include updates that are relevant to what you require. What Should You Not Include in a Letter of Continued Interest? It’s normal to be disappointed if you’re deferred or waitlisted - but don’t show that in your letter of continued interest. Don’t express any frustration or negative feelings. Your letter should be positive and focused on your accomplishments, not your anger that the admissions committee hasn’t realized your merits. You want to highlight positive personality traits, like perseverance, not ones like jealousy or anger. Letter of Continued Interest Samples Your letter of continued interest will be different if you’re deferred or if you’re waitlisted. If you’re deferred from an early decision pool to the regular candidate pool, you’ll want to indicate that the college is still your first choice, even though you may not have heard from anyone else yet. If you’ve been waitlisted, you’ll likely have heard from other colleges, so you can be more specific about why the waitlisted school is your top choice. Let’s take a look at a letter of continued interest sample for each scenario. Letter of Continued Interest Sample - Waitlist Dear Mr. Admissions, I was recently waitlisted for the 2018 school year. I am writing to express my continued interest in ABC University. I am particularly drawn to the school's Music Education program - the amazing faculty, including Professor 123, and state of the art facilities are what specifically make ABC University my top choice. I also wanted to update you on some exciting news. Since I first submitted my application, I have been awarded the Rockstar Prize for Excellence in Music. This award is given to a high school senior in my state every year. I think winning the award shows my dedication and continued passion in music. I've included an updated resume reflecting this honor. Thank you so much for your time and consideration. If you have any further questions, please let me know. I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Student #1 This letter of continued interest sample is perfect for a student on the waitlist. First, it details the student’s continued interest in the university. Next, it tells the admissions committee about a new honor, showing that the student is still working hard, even late into his or her senior year. It also provides an updated resume of accomplishments for the committee to review. Letter of Continued Interest Sample - Deferred Dear Ms. Admissions, Thank you for taking the time to read my application. I know that DEF University is incredibly competitive and I’m glad that I am still being considered a candidate for admission. I'm writing to express my continued interest in attending, and to include some new information to add to my application. Since I applied to DEF University, I have retaken the SAT to improve my score. My math score is now 770 and my reading score is 740. I’m proud of myself for this achievement and am sending an official score report to the school. I understand that this new information may not impact my admissions, as the candidate pool is so talented, but I wanted to share it with you anyways. I'm still very excited about the prospect of getting my acceptance letter to DEF University and joining the history department this fall. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Student #2 This letter of continued interest sample gives concrete updates on the student’s SAT scores. Since the student has been deferred, sending along an updated score report is a wise choice. The same goes for transcripts - if your work continues to be stellar or even improve, you should send updates along to the school as you’re considered as a candidate for regular admission. 3 Tips for Writing Your Letter of Continued Interest If you need to write a letter of continued interest, keep these tips in mind. #1: Keep It Short and Sweet The admissions committee doesn’t want to read a ten-page essay on your accomplishments. Keep your letter brief, cheery, and polite. You don’t need to write more than 300 words to get your point across - you’re still interested in the school and you’ve been working hard. #2: Include Supplementary Materials (If The School Looks at Them) If you’ve had any exciting updates to your application, be sure to highlight them in the letter. If your standardized test scores have improved, send along the official reports. If your grades are up, order new transcripts. Only include these materials if they are relevant to the school you’re applying to. #3: Be Specific Since your letter shouldn’t be that long, focus on specific achievements, like an improved grade. Give the exact details of what you’ve done and how you’ve improved - don’t say that your grades are better, say that you transformed your B in Calculus to an A. Make it easy for the admissions committee to see what you’ve done. In Summary A letter of continued interest is a good way to show the admissions committee that you still want to attend their school. It probably won’t be the one factor to sway your application one way or the other, but it can’t hurt! If you’re deferred or waitlisted at your dream school, take the time to write and send a letter of continued interest. What’s Next? Grades are an important part of a successful college application.This guide to getting a 4.0 GPA will help you plan effective studying habits, giving you a better chance at getting into your dream college. Our guide to college applications will help you understand exactly what schools are looking for. Are you worried about standardized tests and their role in your college application? Read this article to find out when these tests might not matter for you.Also take a look at this list of colleges that don't require SAT scores. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.

Globalization Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Globalization - Term Paper Example Financially, emergence of world wide financial markets has also improved external borrowing terms and relations; this has greatly contributed to the global financial structure instability. This is because the structures have grown dramatically than any other transitional regulatory regime. This can be seen in the current global economic crisis being experienced, the world economy has been intertwined and thus depends on the out comes of the bigger economies (Murray, 8). Economically, common markets are based on freedom of exchange in goods and services .Collapse of one market can therefore not be contained. This creates a generalized risk because if one country which for example is the market economy collapses the effects will be impacted also to the country which produces those goods or services because they will not be in a position to buy them (Sheila, 10). Politically globalization has been used to create cartels which are target towards particular motives or interests for example the World Bank, IMF among others. These cartels provide a means of control and regulations which deters relations between governments and mandates rights in regard to social and economic globalization. The United States for example has enjoyed a power stratus compared to other powers because of its vast wealth and resources backed by a very strong economy. This is because no other power may be able to compete with its vast wealth, resources, industries, technology among others (Jurgen, 8). With increase in technology communication links and networks have been established both in developed and geographically remote locations. The world nowadays has been linked with such things as satellite, fibre optics telephone and internet technologies .When flow of information is therefore considered the world is all connected to a one small global village. Globalization also has contributed to the use of one common language in most parts of the world, for example English is widely used because most of the communication equipment s e.g. the telexes mails among others are in English (Jurgen, 8). Globalization also means that various and vast range of products will be at the world market. This means that only the best goods or services will fetch market and good prices .This leads to competition where countries try to improve quality of their products as well as increasing value of these products in order to have the competing edge in the world market. Ranges of products are also coming up each and every world in through trade market in order for them to participate in the trade (Steiger, 8). Industrialization has also lead to climatically change that is currently being experienced. This has lead to change in climatic patterns thus lower production mostly affecting agricultural sectors where Africa can be cited as an example. This because most industries emit gases which are destructive to the ecological composition. They also require dirty industrial stage where they dumb the waste; this has led to environmental pollution for Example Rivers, lakes, soil etc (Jurgen, 8). Globalization had its effects in the world of business. Pressure is applied to lowly industrialized third world countries which operate on the same

The Political Economy of Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Political Economy of Japan - Essay Example His paper highlighted the remarkable transformation of Japanese business practices. Japanese corporations have adapted the "Choose and Focus" strategy which "enabled Japan's leading corporations, previously diversified to an exceptionally high degree, to become leaner, more nimble, and more competitive at home and in the global economy" (Schaede 2008). They did this by shedding non-core businesses and by repositioning for leadership in targeted technologies. This strategy was said to be completely opposite to Japan's previous industrial architecture but it has surprisingly created fresh market opportunities both for start-up enterprise and for foreign investors (Schaede 2008). It has challenged existing companies out of mediocrity and complacency, through series of mergers, acquisition and hostile take-overs (Schaede 2008). More importantly, this transformation was observed to have been rooted in the component and material industries rather than in consumer products (Schaede 2008). G enerally, the more lean Japanese business has proven to be an effective and competitive strategy and this is the fundamental transformation that the author is talking about. Another social scientist, T.J Pempel mentioned about fundamental transformation in the Japanese economy. It is our goal in this paper to examine if what T.J Pempel refers as a fundamental transformation is the same as that of Schaede's. Pempel mentioned at least three changes in Japan, things with regard to its political system, to its economy and to its international relations. In the political arena, the noticeable internal fragmentation of the Liberal Democratic Party, its loss of a parliamentary majority and executive control, and the introduction of a new electoral system for the Lower House of the Diet has spelled the end of the party (Pempel, 1998). Second of these changes is the economic slowdown of the once forward-heading economy. These economic turnaround from an unrelenting success was brought by the collapse of both the stock and land prices, five years of almost zero growth, international downgrading of the Japanese bonds and the collapse of numerous financial institutions among others (Pempel 1998). He also mentioned the changes in international relation, with particular focus on an apparent sibling rivalry with the United States primarily triggered by the economic competition. This competition was sh own in series of trade and market disputes. Since the paper of T.J Pempel was written a decade before that of Schaede, we can say that they are talking about different scenarios and different type of transformation. But, it is analytically obvious that the Japanese transformation mentioned by Ulrike Schaede had its origin in the political, economic and international relations changes by Pempel. Therefore, they are not mutually incompatible arguments but are complimentary. In fact, the 2008 paper of Schaede is a support to the premises of Pempel, revealing that Japan was able to move forward from the transformation that it experienced a decade ago. The fundamental business transformation of Japan was a